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POLITICS-US: Katrina Exposes the "Third World" at Home
By Jim Lobe
WASHINGTON, Sep 2 (IPS) - As thousands of people in New Orleans approach their fifth day
without food, water or shelter, the news media and, doubtless,
millions of ordinary citizens are wondering how state and
particularly federal authorities could have been so slow to respond
to one of the worst natural disasters in U.S. history.
"I have seen such scenes before, but always on television and
always from faraway places," wrote a staff reporter for the New
York Daily News. "In Third World nations, but not here."
It was a typical comment this week, particularly by anchors of the
nation's cable news outlets, as they surveyed the vast devastation
and human misery inflicted by Hurricane Katrina on
neighbourhoods, towns, and cities along the U.S. Gulf Coast from
New Orleans, Louisiana to Mobile, Alabama.
But its basic assumption - that the Third World is somewhere "far
away" - was incorrect. What Katrina laid bare to the world, as well
as to U.S. viewers who watched the scenes of U.S. citizens in
desperate need of basic necessities, is that the United States -
despite its status as the world's sole superpower and global
hegemon - has a great deal in common with the Third World, and
increasingly so.
Consider:
- As in natural disasters in the developing world, Katrina's victims
were overwhelmingly poor. Nearly one-third of the city of New
Orleans, for example, lives below the poverty line, while Louisiana
and Mississippi, the two hardest-hit states have the highest
childhood poverty rates in the nation - over 50 percent.
Meanwhile, poverty rates nationwide climbed last year for the
fourth year in a row to 12.7 percent, according to the latest Census
Bureau report released Wednesday.
- As in many developing countries, the U.S. poor are
disproportionately made up of racial and ethnic minorities who
have experienced a history of discrimination and repression.
As pointed out by the Center for American Progress (CAP), two-
thirds of New Orleans' population is black, but the Lower Ninth
Ward neighbourhood, which was reportedly almost completely
under water and is likely to have been the source of the greatest
number of fatalities, was more than 98 percent black.
- As in many developing countries, the gap between rich and poor
in the United States is large - indeed the largest of all developed
countries - and growing fast. Indeed, the Republican-controlled
Congress is scheduled next week to take up a bill that would
permanently repeal the estate tax, a move that would ensure that
the richest two percent of the country can pass along all of their
wealth to their heirs, rather than share any of it with the
government.
Repeal will cost the public treasury - and the services that it funds
- an estimated one trillion dollars over 10 years.
- As in many developing countries, the poorest members of
society are the most alienated from their government and vice
versa - a situation made vivid by remarks Thursday by Michael
Brown, director of the Federal Emergency Management Agency
(FEMA), which suggested that the storm's victims bore substantial
responsibility for their own plight.
Noting estimates that "thousands" of poor residents may have died
in New Orleans, Brown, a long-time buddy of President George W.
Bush who was also in-house counsel for the Arabian Horse
Association, said, "Unfortunately, that's going to be attributable to
people who did not heed the advance warnings (to evacuate)."
"The one thing that people miss," noted Mississippi Rep. Bennie
Thompson, "is that a lot of blacks here don't have their own means
of transportation. So when you say 'evacuate' to a person who
doesn't even have a car, what are you saying? Most of these
people were not able to go."
Indeed, about one-third of New Orleans' half million residents don't
own a car. Even those who did stayed home because, without a
credit card or cash or a clear plan worked out by FEMA or local
disaster agencies, in the words of Ohio Rep. Stephanie Tubbs
Jones, "they never had no place to go".
Of course, it takes precisely a national disaster like Katrina to
illustrate the common factors that unite Katrina's victims with their
Third World counterparts, in major part because, as a black
columnist for the Washington Post, Eugene Robinson, pointed out,
the popular image of New Orleans of Mardi Gras festivities and
"laissez les bons temps rouler" ("let the good times roll") obscured
another reality of "great anger and resentment".
In its initial coverage of the crisis, the mainstream media appeared
reluctant to address such issues, other than to deplore the "looting"
that followed the storm, at least until one CNN anchor, Jack
Cafferty, took his journalistic colleagues to task Thursday for
ignoring what he called "the elephant in the room. ...The race and
economic class of most of the victims the media hasn't discussed
much at all," he declared.
By Friday morning, even as Bush himself set out to grab the
spotlight by personally touring the devastation, it seemed that at
least some discussion - even about whether taking food and other
necessities from abandoned stores when the government had so
clearly failed to provide them could be called "looting" - was finally
underway.
"[T]here has been a growing sense that race and class are the
unspoken markers of who got out and who got stuck," noted a
front-page article in the New York Times. "Just as in developing
countries where the failures of rural development policies become
glaringly clear at times of natural disasters like floods or drought
...some of the United States' poorest cities have been left
vulnerable by federal policies."
"Lawlessness is the inevitable companion of mass poverty,"
observed USA Today in an editorial that stressed the failure of the
government to understand the plight of the poor and compared the
pictures coming out of the region to "Third World refugee camps."
"Sadly, there is ...no doubt that when New Orleans eventually
returns to some form of normalcy, its poor will once again become
invisible," the paper wrote. "At least until the next disaster strikes." (END)
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