Brazil has 317 Natural Heritage Private Reserves, evidence of the growing participation of individuals in conserving the country's biodiversity. The Brazilian Environmental Institute recognized the latest 17 reserves in late February. They are privately owned areas that, on the initiative of the owners and with the approval and backing of environmental officials, are declared to be of national environmental interest.

The owners receive tax breaks and preference in obtaining loans. They may use their land to develop eco-tourism, environmental education or research, but cannot engage in any activity that harms the natural resources, flora or fauna.

The goal is to create 5,000 private reserves by 2010, says Cecilia Pereira, of the Environmental Institute.