Stories written by Mario Osava
Mario Osava has been an IPS correspondent since 1978, first from Portugal, then from Brazil starting in 1980. He has covered events and processes all throughout Brazil and has recently been engaged in covering major infrastructural projects that reflect opportunities for development and South American integration.
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Insects, like viruses and other microorganisms, have turned into merchandise with a growing presence in international trade as they are increasingly used as a means to control agricultural pests.
Land occupations, marches and raids by Brazilian landless peasant farmers and threats of reprisals from large landholders and mayors in the affected areas have deepened the social tension in several of the country's states and placed the land question at the top of the government's agenda.
Tension between peasant farmers and large landholders is on the rise in Brazil, where a landless workers’ organization is demanding land for some one million families by 2006. Leftist President Lula is making no concrete promises.
Although they are major producers of tobacco, Brazil and Cuba are several years ahead of schedule in meeting the goals of curbing the use of methyl bromide, a pesticide commonly used on tobacco fields that damages the earth's ozone layer.
Besides questions of human health and the environment, the battle over genetically modified (GM) crops involves a global market of seeds that moves around 30 billion dollars a year.
The current debate on pensions reform in Brazil cannot get around the fact that a majority of the country's workers depend on the informal economy for their livelihood, and have no labour rights or prospects for retirement.
Scientists in Brazil are on the move to defend continued research of genetically modified organisms (GMOs), enlivening a debate that is already having major impacts on the world agricultural markets.
The leftist government of Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva in Brazil has begun to draw criticism from within the ranks of those who backed the election of the president, a former trade unionist, last year.
In the poorest regions of Brazil, from the urban favelas or shantytowns to the arid, impoverished northeast, there is a potential demand for billions of dollars in microcredit to set up and expand small businesses, and even the large banks are beginning to take an interest.
Motorcycles in Colombia cannot carry a male passenger, because the modus operandi used by many ''sicarios'' or hired killers involves drive-by shootings carried out by the person on the back.
The possibility of a direct correlation between precarious sanitation services and the spread of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) has generated fears of a disaster in Brazil if the epidemic were to reach this country.
Brazil's diplomatic initiative in search of key alliances in the developing South, highlighted by Friday's visit by the foreign ministers of India and South Africa, will also promote trade between South America's Mercosur trade bloc and major markets on other continents.
The presidents of Brazil and Mexico will ask, on behalf of Latin America, for more free and just international trade in their visit to the summit of the Group of Eight (G8) richest countries Sunday. But as the two promote their own proposals, they are expected reveal their muted dispute for regional leadership.
The decisive phase of negotiations for the Free Trade Area of the Americas (FTAA) is now underway, with the elucidation this week of the differences between Brazil and the United States, the two countries co-chairing the process that is to conclude by January 2005.
A Brazilian cabinet minister is in the Ukraine as part of the government's mission to seek technology exchange with nations at a similar level of development that are more willing to cooperate than the industrialised North.
A proposed reform of Brazil's social security system currently under discussion in Congress will not reduce gender inequalities in the labour market, nor will it extend social benefits to informal sector workers, complain women's rights groups.
In the search for more environmentally friendly fuels, the use of castor oil as "biodiesel" has proven to have technical and ecological benefits, and stands as an opportunity for agricultural development in arid and impoverished areas like northeast Brazil.
Brazil has a new "international leading man" to compete in foreign film markets, or at the very least to help fight Hollywood's domination of the cinematic markets at home.