"In order to be a good Muslim, a good Hindu, a good Pakistani, a good woman, you need to act in certain ways," says Aisha Shaheed. "And all these parameters are defined by [male] self-proclaimed cultural leaders."
In 2003, two journalists from Radio-Télévision Libre des Milles Collines were convicted of war crimes in the Rwanda genocide - illustrating the dangerous role media can play by relaying hate speech or rumours during times of violent conflict.