Stories written by Mario Osava
Mario Osava has been an IPS correspondent since 1978, first from Portugal, then from Brazil starting in 1980. He has covered events and processes all throughout Brazil and has recently been engaged in covering major infrastructural projects that reflect opportunities for development and South American integration. | Twitter |

Brazil Cannot Swim Against the Climate Current

With no meaningful proposals, and in the face of internal setbacks and an adverse international context, Brazil is largely unprepared to assume the leadership role expected of an environmental power at the Durban climate change conference.

Belo Monte Dam and Hunters Endanger Amazon Turtles

Luiz Cardoso da Costa was horrified as he watched the Amazonian manatee, a large docile beast, bleeding out from the knife wound he had dealt it, yet greedily gulping down grasses as if eating could somehow stave off death.

Pediatrics waiting room at the Albert Schweitzer hospital in Rio de Janeiro.  Credit: Agência Brasil Marcello Casal Jr/EBr

Brazil’s Health System Inspires Abroad, Frustrates at Home

News that the government of South Africa was inspired by Brazil's health system in setting up its own universal coverage scheme might meet with scepticism in this South American country.

LATIN AMERICA: Public Media Expanding

The public media are growing in Latin America, with a new focus that puts an emphasis on independence from the state and the backlash from the private media, said journalists, academics and officials meeting in the Paraguayan capital.

Construction along the northern branch of the São Francisco River diversion project.  Credit: Mario Osava/IPS

BRAZIL: Costly Water for the Poor Northeast

The visual impact is harsh: flattened hills, valleys full of mud, and kilometres and kilometres of bulldozed land - the modification of nature in Brazil's semiarid Northeast region is disturbing due to the enormous dimensions involved.

The green areas behind the Suape port, seen here from the Atlantic Ocean, have been set aside for environmental conservation.  Credit: Courtesy of Suape Port Complex

BRAZIL: Shark Attacks Attest to Environmental Sins of Suape Port

The Suape port complex may be eternally absolved of its environmental sins for ushering in unprecedented prosperity in the impoverished northeastern Brazilian state of Pernambuco, and for having been built before stricter requirements were introduced.

The green areas behind the Suape port, seen here from the Atlantic Ocean, have been set aside for environmental conservation. - Courtesy of Suape Port Complex

Shark Attacks Attest to Environmental Sins of Suape Port

If the Suape port project in northeastern Brazil were initiated today, instead of the 1970s, it would be subject to much stricter environmental standards.

The Suape Industrial Port Complex is in a process of constant expansion.  Credit: Mario Osava/IPS

BRAZIL: Suape Port Complex, the Locomotive of the Northeast

Silvio Leimig was 18 years old and had just earned his driver's licence when he visited Suape, a port 40 km from his home in Recife, the capital of the state of Pernambuco in Brazil's Northeast region, in the early 1980s.

BRAZIL: Undersea Oil Revives Shipbuilding Industry

So far in Brazil, the "curse of oil" is only apparent in the political sphere, where Congress is divided about how to distribute the country's increasingly large oil earnings. But in the meantime the recent discoveries of offshore reserves in the Atlantic ocean are breathing new life into the shipbuilding industry.

Pipelines that transport grains from the Suape port. In the background, Brazil

BRAZIL: Logistics Drives Tardy Industrialisation in Northeast

The steel and oil industries are still finding new frontiers for expansion. In Brazil's impoverished semiarid Northeast the key is not, like in China, cheap labour power or abundant raw materials, but logistical advantages.

Antonio da Costa and his giant papayas, grown thanks to an underground reservoir.  Credit: Mario Osava/IPS

BRAZIL: Every Raindrop Counts

Brazil is considered a country rich in water resources, with its enormous underground aquifers and mighty rivers. But recognition of the vital importance of rainwater begins where it is most scarce: in the semiarid interior of the northeast.

Antonio da Costa and his giant papayas, grown thanks to an underground reservoir. - Mario Osava/IPS

Every Raindrop Counts

Techniques for making optimal use of the scarce rainfall in northeastern Brazil are aimed at a shift in focus from fighting drought to learning to coexist with the semiarid climate.

A rural woman in the Northeast takes water from a tank to irrigate her garden.  Credit: Mario Osava/IPS

BRAZIL: Beating Drought in Semiarid Northeast

Violent clashes looked inevitable when some 1,500 desperately hungry peasants poured into this small Brazilian town. Riot police were staked out to prevent looting. It was the year 1993, and millions of people in Brazil's impoverished semiarid Northeast had been forced to the brink of starvation by three years of drought.

Unloading containers in the port of Pecém.  Credit: Mario Osava/IPS

BRAZIL: Industrial-Port Complex Fuels Growth in Desolate Northeast

The port of Pecém in Brazil's impoverished Northeast region received a large order to unload and store cement factory equipment imported from China. The port authorities were unable to accept the original order, as the cargo would have occupied 40,000 square metres of storage space, nearly half the total available.

Scale model of a small-scale Tecbio biodiesel plant.  Credit: Credit: Mario Osava/IPS

BRAZIL: Biofuel Production – Local Development or Social Breakdown?

Biofuels are an alternative energy source that can drive local development by generating jobs, know-how and technology. But they can also cause social damage, as locals fear in the case of industrial-scale exploitation of babassu palm trees, which grow abundantly in the wild in central and northern Brazil.

Traffic jam of trucks at Jaciara, 140 km from Cuiabá, caused by repairs to BR-364 road.  Credit: Mario Osava/IPS

BRAZIL: Soy Boom Drives Westward Expansion of Railroads

Despite challenges like high interest rates and high household electricity tariffs, the Brazilian economy has been growing at the highest rates seen in decades. Another problem that, although it has not stood in the way of growth, must be overcome is the costly use of roads for transporting farm products – an issue that is being addressed by the expansion of railway networks.

U.S. debt crisis impacts depreciation of the dollar. Credit: P. Williams - Creative Commons Licence

South America Unites Against “Irresponsible Debtors” in the North

Default, insolvency, fiscal irresponsibility, debt crisis and similar terms form part of the vocabulary used to describe countries in the developing South in the 1980s and 1990s. A decade later, the world seems to have turned upside down.

Silos at the entrance to Lucas do Rio Verde, a centre of soy, corn and cotton production in Mato Grosso.  Credit: Mario Osava/IPS

BRAZIL: Family Farms Fight for Survival in Sea of Soy

A bullet to his shoulder forced him to spend seven days in the hospital. In another attempt on his life, he was shot at three times, but miraculously escaped unscathed. "I will never sit next to a window again," says Brazilian rural activist Walter Moura.

BRAZIL: Lax Limits on Agrotoxics in Drinking Water

Brazil sets acceptable drinking water limits for 22 different types of pesticides and fertilisers, 13 heavy metals, 13 solvents and six disinfectants. However, these are sometimes exceeded for economic reasons or due to inadequate monitoring.

Canoa Quebrada dam on the Verde river in Mato Grosso.  Credit: Mario Osava/IPS

ENERGY-BRAZIL: Small Dams, Big Problems

Several rivers in the western Brazilian state of Mato Grosso are likely to become chains of artificial reservoirs feeding small hydroelectric plants (SHP), sometimes with larger power stations in between.

Youngsters create mosaics in a Casa do Zezinho classroom.  Credit: Mario Osava /IPS

BRAZIL: Rainbow of Colours and Gender Equality at Innovative School

In the last three years there have been no teen pregnancies among the youngsters at Casa do Zezinho, an extracurricular educational and cultural facility in Brazil attended by 1,500 children and young people from favelas or shantytowns on the south side of São Paulo.

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